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My Passion in Photograph



“Lampoe-lampoe terang di satoe stasioen. Kreta-api brenti.
Kita dapet prentah boeat toeroen
sesoeda doedoek berdesak-desakan 1 hari 1 malem sampe kaki kakoe.
Papan bord berboenji: Tjimahi. Lontjeng stasioen oendjoek djam 6 (Nippon) pagi.”

Nio Joe Lan, “Dalem Tawanan Djepang”, 1946




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Entrance Gate


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From the Tomb Monument





ON MISSION

As a final point, I accomplished the journey of “My Odyssey in the Seven Dutch War Cemeteries in Java”. A Journey to Ereveld Leuwigadjah was executed on Saturday, 13th of June 2009, accompanied by my fellows Wibowo Wibisono (preparing the prior permission to OGS), Olive Bendon, and Andipo Wiratama.

Ereveld Leuwigadjah is located on Kerkhof Jl. Tjibogo 16, Tjimahi. It was about 10 km west of Bandoeng, West Java. When Japanese occupation in 1942-45, Tjimahi was the one of internment camps in the Java. About 10 thousand prisoner of war suffered in Tjimahi internment camp.

The Ereveld Leuwigadjah is consisting currently more than 5.200 graves from casualties in the period 1942-48. Therefore, Ereveld Leuwigajah is the most ereveld with the number graves managed by the Oorlogsgravenstichting (War Graves Foundation).






MAP OF TJIMAHI 1941

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Courtesy of Dr. Leo Niehorster
(World War Armed Forces - Order of Battle and Organization)




ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

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Frangky
Opzichter of Ereveld Leuwigadjah
He works in OGS since October 2008


I would express my gratitude to Mr. P. Steenmeijer as the Director of Oorlogsgravenstichting (OGS) Indonesia and Pak Frangky as Opzichter of Ereveld Leuwigadjah who have kindly permitted us for visiting the Ereveld Leuwigadjah. Without prior permission from them, our journey would not be achieved.






HISTORICAL BACKGROUND

Before Ereveled Leuwigadjah established, the present day location have been used for burying the dead from the nearby internment camps (former IX and X Battalion of the KNIL) during the Japanese occupation 1942-45.

However, Ereveld Leuwigadjah was not only for internment camp casualties, but many soldiers of the Koninklijk Nederlands Indisch Leger (KNIL) and the Koninklijk Landmacht KL buried as well, who died in the turbulent years after the Japanese capitulation.

The inauguration of the Ereveld Leuwigajah took place on 20th of December 1949 by General Major P. Alons.




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General Major P. Alons
Opening the Ereveld Leuwigadjah, 20th of December 1949
Source: KITLV

In the 1960s there were reburial instead of the mortal remains of war casualties from the Ereveld Muntok (1960), Padang (1962), Tarakan (1964), Medan 1966), Palembang (1967), and Balikpapan (1967).





At the end of the passage, there is a small roundabout with the flagpole

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Major General P Alons (left) Leaves the Ceremony
Source: KITLV

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Flagpole, Present Day Situation




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Wreath-laying ceremony by the Wali Negara of Pasoendan –
Raden Temenggoeng Djoewarsa, 20th of December 1949
Source: KITLV


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Base of Flagpole, Present Day Situation






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Entrance Gate to Ereveld Tjimahi (Leuwigadjah), 1949
Source: KITLV

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Entrance Gate, Present Day Situation








THE MONUMENTS


MEMORIAL TOMB

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From the entrance gate, we meet the Tomb Memorial has a long side in golden letters with the words using motto of the Legergravendienst (Army Graves Service):

“HUN GEEST HEFT OVERWONNEN”
(Their Spirit Removes Overcome)

On the other side using the motto of the Oorlogsgravenstichting (War Graves Foundation):

“OPDAT ZIJ MET EERE MOGEN RUSTEN”
(So That They May Rest)

At the top, there is ascending plaque with the text:

“TER EERBIEDIGE NAGEDACHTENIS AAN DE VELE ONGENOEMDEN DIE HUN LEVEN OFFERDEN EN NIET RUSTEN OP DE EREVELDEN”
(In respectful memory to those who did not mentioned but sacrificed their lives and not rest on the war graves)

The same text but in Bahasa Indonesia is mounted on the side of this monument:

“UNTUK MENGENANG DENGAN HORMAT MEREKA YANG TAK DISEBUT TETAPI TELAH MENGORBANKAN DIRINYA DAN TIDAK BERISTIRAHAT DI TAMAN-TAMAN KEHORMATAN”





JUNYO MARU COMMEMORATIVE PLAQUE:
IN MEMORIAM OF THE LARGEST MARITIME DISASTER IN WORLD WAR II

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Behind the flagpole of Ereveld Leuwigadjah, there is a small court where the Junyo Maru Commemorative Plaque established. This monument was donated by Stichting Herdenking Junyo Maru (Junyo Maru Memorial Foundation), in memory of casualties in the years 1942-1945 who died at sea in the South-East Asia. The plaque was inaugurated on 21th of September 1984.

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Junyo Maru built in 1913 by Robert Duncan Co. Glasgow.
It displaced 5,065 tons, was 405 ft long, 53 ft (16 m) wide, and 27.2 ft (8.3 m) deep. The engines were rated at 475 hp (354 kW).



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Courtesy of Hatmanto Sri Nugroho
The position of the sinking Junyo Maru as 2º 52' S, 101º 12' E
The blue point is aproximately location of the sinking Junyo Maru.
The red point is destination of the Junyo Maru, Padang.


The Japanese cargo ship Junyo Maru left Tanjong Priok Harbor in Batavia on the 16th of September 1944 with the destination to Padang.

There were 6.500 people on board consisted:
2.300 Dutch, British, American and Australian Prisoners of War (POWs)
4200 Javanese slave laborers.

On 18th of September 1944, the Japanese Cargo ship Junyo Maru was torpedoed in the Indian Ocean, by the British Submarine H.M.S. Tradewind. The submarine commander had not known what Junyo Maru was carrying. Of the 6500 passengers, 5620 perished, making

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HMS Tradewind - British


Final count of survivors picked up by the Japanese boats was about 680 POWs and 200 Javanese slave laborers. That is only 880 were survived, in other words a number of 5.620 has perished! It will be the largest maritime disaster of World War II.

The 880 survival men were employed (romusha) on the 220km of Sumatra railway line between Pekanbaru and Muaro untill 1945, fortune and misfortune.






* * *

THE TJIMAHI INTERNMENT CAMPS

CHINESE PERANAKAN WAS ALSO INTERNED!

Tjimahi camp was actually a former Dutch Army base, situated near Bandoeng. About 10 thousands POWs lived in Tjimahi Internment Camps. More than 510 of them were Chinese Peranakan from other cities in Java (Soerabaja, Malang, Samarang, Djepara, Magelang, Keboemen, Boendoeng, Boitenzorg, Batavia, Serang). They were interned in April 1942, and moved to Serang (September 1943 – February 1944), and finally moved to Tjimahi (February 1944 – August 1945).

According Nio Joe Lan as the civilian, and interned person, the condition of Tjimahi Camps were better than previous camps (especially for Chinese Camp), such as Boekit Doeri (Batavia) and Serang. At least, in Tjimahi Camp they were not alike prisoner in jail because they lived in a room, different other European Camps.

Within the Tjimahi Camp, they created the division of work: Medische Dienst (of Physician Service), Technisch Dienst (Technisch Service), Voedsel Dienst (Food Service), Financiën Dienst (Financial Service), Bevolking Dienst (Community service), Statistieken Dienst (statistical service for collecting property from the dead person).






TJIMAHI CAMP: TREINKAMPEMENT

Location:
The train camp was in the eastern district, north of the railway line, opposite the camp Baros-5. It was first POW camp in Tjimahi.




TJIMAHI CAMP: IV AND IX BATTALION

Other Name: Tjimahi Kamp 4; Bunsho II Kamp 4 (Japanse administratie)
Location:
This camp was in the northern city of Tjimahi bounded by Kampementsweg, Stationsweg (railway), Gedong Delapan (racetrack) and Gedong Empat. Included the barracks of the 4th and 9th Battalion. It was opened for POW (civilian camp) in late January 1944.



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Source: www.japaneseburgerkampen.nl



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Tjimahi IV and IX Battalion by CW Schüller 1944 – 45
Source: GVNL - Koninklijke Bibliotheek


“Tempat tawanan Tionghoa ada pada blok VIII jang terpetjah dalem 4 sectie. Blok-commandant Tionghoa bermoela ada toean Lim Hwie Giap…digantiken toean Thios Thiam Tjong (Semarang)…Liem Sik Ien (Bondowoso) di sectie I, Siek Kiem Siong (Koedoes) di sectie II, Ang Jan Goan (Djakarta) di sectie III, dan Chiao Liong (Soerabaja) di sectie IV”



Camp Commander:
Capt. Takagi (March – April 1944), Capt. Kasahara (April - July 1944), Capt. Takagi (July – August 1945).

Monitoring:
Japanese Military, Korean, and Heiho

Camp Leader:
C.H.V. de Villeneuve (February 1944 – May 1945)
Richel (September 1944 – February 1945)
Heintz Stein (March 1944 - August 1945





TJIMAHI CAMP: MILITARY HOSPITAL

Location:
The Military Hospital was in the western suburb south of the railroad, it served as a prisoner of war camp hospital and civilian laborers (men and older boys). The camp hospital consisted of some pavilions and was fenced with barbed wire.

In May 1945 the hospital was completely evacuated, it was used for treatment of Japanese soldiers. On 25th of September 1945 the hospital was transferred to the RAPWI Japanese authorities for the treatment of ex-laborers of the Japanese camps.

Camp Commander:
Capt. Sakai (doctor)

Camp Leader:
Dr MMG Woensdrecht



TJIMAHI CAMP: BAROS 5
Other names:
Prominent Kamp, Baros camp, Bamboo Camp, Bald-heads camp, 6th Battalion, Depot Camp, Bunsho II Kamp 5 (Japanse administratie)

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A map of the camp Baros with showing the position and function of each building. Top dial left and right text: "Baros. 19 October'43"
Source: GVNL - Koninklijke Bibliotheek



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"Interieur van een barak in het kamp Baros" by Jan Kickhefer
Source: GVNL - Koninklijke Bibliotheek

The camps became more and more overcrowded in the course of the war. The width of a sleeping place was reduced from an average of 1.35 metres to 50 centimetres. Little light or fresh air entered the stuffy barracks. One’s sleeping place was one’s home. Everything was done here. The inmates ate, drank, slept, read, received their guests and tinkered in their sleeping place. Their few belongings stood, hung or lay around the bed. There was no privacy in a dwelling like this.


Location:
This camp was in the eastern city of Tjimahi, directly south of the line. The camp was located in the barracks of the emergency barracks for indigenous milic iens. The bamboo huts, total about 27 units, had a cement floor, most had no windows, but over the full length of an open air strip directly beneath the roof, at the ends was a big door. The camp was a sinister impression: gray barracks around a large square, no tree. The camp was surrounded by a bamboo fence (hence the name was Bamboo Camp).

Camp Commander:
Kunimoto (May – August 1945)

Monitoring:
Japan Military, Korean, Heiho

Camp Leader:
J.Bos (for all camp functions)






TJIMAHI CAMP: BAROS 6

Other name:
Jongenskamp Baros, Bunsho II Kamp 6 (Japanse administratie)

Location:
This camp was located in the southern town of Tjimahi, on both sides of the Barosweg and prisoner and young woman camp. The camp consisted of two parts on either side of the Barosweg: to the west the "Williamstraat" and on the east the "Baroskant" through two guarded gates.

Camp Commander
Children Camp: Sagami (July – December 1944), Kunimoto (January – May 1945), Shimonya (May – August 1945).

Monitoring:
Japanse militairen, Koreanen, heiho’s (ongeveer 50)

Camp Leader:
Women Camp: Mw R.Minderman
Children Camp: G.A.Schotel






REMARKS


The Japanese occupation has changed all the values, culture, and life both of Indonesian and European, especially Dutch who lost their emporium. Most of internees were Dutch, however, there were small number of Chinese Peranakan also in the Tjimahi Camp.

For me, the Ereveld Leuwigadjah does not mean the War Cemetery only but it reflects catastrophe and misery period between Netherlands and Indonesia when Japanese occupation. We should like to reach the lesson from the past.






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Anonymous Female Tomb






REFERENCES

“Dalem Tawanan Jepang”
(Boelit Doeri – Serang – Tjimahi)
Poenoetoeran Pengidoepan Interneeran Pada Djeman Pendoedoekan Djepang
By Nio Joe Lan
First Published by LOTUS, 1946
Second Published by Komunitas Bambu, 2009.

"Ereveld Leuwigajah"
Leaflet, Oorlogsgravenstichting

“The Sinking of the Junyo Maru”
http://www.thepatrioticgentleman.com/The-Sinking-of-the-Junyo-Maru/The-Sinking-of-the-Junyo-Maru.htm

“Memories of My Youth and the Years of the Japanese Occupation
in The Former Dutch East Indies During World War Two”
By Elizabeth van Kampen
http://www.dutch-east-indies.com/

Kampen op Java
http://www.japanseburgerkampen.nl/Java-kampen.htm









Memorial Tomb
  

OGS Motto
  

Army Graves Service Motto
  

In Respectful Memory
  

The Passage
  

Flagpole
  

On Flagpole
 1 Comment 

Junyo Maru Commemorate Palque
  

Children Cemetery
  

Anonymous Tomb
  

Anonymous Tomb
  

Mass Cemetery from Goeroen Lawas
  

The Great Architect
 9 Comments 

Anonymous Tombs
  

Beautiful Landscape
  

Mass Cemetery from Karolanden-Medan
  

Montains View
  

Victory
  

Anonymous Tomb
  

Jewish Tomb
  

Mass Cemetery from Goeroen Lawas
  

Torch Handle
  

Mass Cemetery from Olo 27
  

OGS Annual Book
  

OGS
  

Entrance Gate
  

Catalogue of 7 Ereveld
  

Gate of Kerkhof Tjimahi
 2 Comments 


65 CommentsChronological   Reverse   Threaded
hoedjien74 wrote on Jun 19, '09
Oh ini tempat jjg dikisahken oleh sianseng Nio Joe Lan..... bener2 tread yg sanget bagoes, kalo tida salah Majooe terachir dari orang Tionghoa Sianseng Khouw Kim An beberapa saat setelah Imlex.... hm soenggoeh tragis dan memiloeken satoe pembesar yg banyak di tjintainya

NB ini saja ada satoe gambar jang bisa kita bajangken soeasana di camp bagian orang Tionghoa jg soedah di djelasken pandjang lebar oleh sianseng Nio

mahandisyoanata wrote on Jun 19, '09
Oh ini tempat jjg dikisahken oleh sianseng Nio Joe Lan..... bener2 tread yg sanget bagoes, kalo tida salah Majooe terachir dari orang Tionghoa Sianseng Khouw Kim An beberapa saat setelah Imlex.... hm soenggoeh tragis dan memiloeken satoe pembesar yg banyak di tjintainyaNB ini saja ada satoe gambar jang bisa kita bajangken soeasana di camp bagian orang Tionghoa jg soedah di djelasken pandjang lebar oleh sianseng Nio
Benar tante,
Nio Joe Lan pernah ditawan Djepang dari Boekit Doeri-Serang-Tjimahi bebarengan dengen 500 orang tjina peranakan lainnja. Temtoe banjak orang penting seantero djawa koempoel di Djepang poenja kamp di Tjimahi, Majoor Khouw djoega toeroet didjebloskan di sini.

Soenggoe itoe tjerita Nio poenja boekoe lajak didjadiken atjoean sedjarah. Oentoek denah kamp Tjimahi di Bataljon 4 en 9, saja soeda sertaken dalem toelisan saja di atas.

Terima kasie Tante atas potret gambaran tjimahi kamp.
shesleep wrote on Jun 19, '09
FrangkyOpzichter of Ereveld LeuwigadjahHe works in OGS since October 2009
oktober 2009 ?
mahandisyoanata wrote on Jun 19, '09
oktober 2009 ?
Oh maap seharusnya 2008 hehehe... kebanyakan nembus time tunnel jadi lupa :) thanks..
hoedjien74 wrote on Jun 19, '09, edited on Jun 19, '09
Bener buku "Dalem Tawan Djepang" ada buku repotase yg sangat baik TAPI SAJANG Nio Joe Lan boekan orang jang pande meoelis kisah, pernah batja "Penghuni Kalisosok" Indonesia Raya 1971 (tjerita bersamboeng) atawa Indonesia dalem api dan bara? oempama kisah itoe di toelis oleh Opa Kwee wah...... ini pasti ini boekoe sanget Istimewa
mahandisyoanata wrote on Jun 19, '09
Bener buku "Dalem Tawan Djepang" ada buku repotase yg sangat baik TAPI SAJANG Nio Joe Lan boekan orang jang pande meoelis kisah, pernah batja "Penghuni Kalisosok" Indonesia Raya 1971 (tjerita bersamboeng) atawa Indonesia dalem api dan bara? oempama kisah itoe di toelis oleh Opa Kwee wah...... ini pasti ini boekoe sanget Istimewa
Saja beloem batja boekoe2 Nio jang lainnja, namoen saja mengagoemi karja Nio "Dalem Tawanan Djepang" karena sangat djarang orang Indonesia jang menoelis kisah pengalamannja saat diinternir Djepang...
hoedjien74 wrote on Jun 19, '09
Saja beloem batja boekoe2 Nio jang lainnja, namoen saja mengagoemi karja Nio "Dalem Tawanan Djepang" karena sangat djarang orang Indonesia jang menoelis kisah pengalamannja saat diinternir Djepang...
Ia biasanya NJL tulis jang serioes2 atawa soal Oederwish (roemah sekolah)< Klenteng dll, tjoema eh malah DTD jang bikin ia terkenal, lowong jg ia alami satoe hal jang heibat dan bagoes, sajang opa Kwee tjoema jadi Tonariguchio (ketua RT)
andiarsi wrote on Jun 19, '09
anglenya bagus-bagus, salut buat anda..
mahandisyoanata wrote on Jun 19, '09
Ia biasanya NJL tulis jang serioes2 atawa soal Oederwish (roemah sekolah)< Klenteng dll, tjoema eh malah DTD jang bikin ia terkenal, lowong jg ia alami satoe hal jang heibat dan bagoes, sajang opa Kwee tjoema jadi Tonariguchio (ketua RT)
Ow sepertinja Tante poenja banjak collectie boekoe2 bekend djeman doeloe...
Saja poenja angen2 djikaloe ada directeur poenja bikin film bisa abadiken "Dalem Tawanan Djepang"-nja Nio, ataoe poen "Indonesia Dalem Api dan Bara"-nja opa Kwee...
mahandisyoanata wrote on Jun 19, '09
anglenya bagus-bagus, salut buat anda..
Thanks sudah mampir...
charliesalseros wrote on Jun 19, '09
perjalanan dan studi lengkap emang udah ciri loe
keren bos.....!!!
weebisons wrote on Jun 19, '09
“Dalem Tawanan Jepang”
(Boelit Doeri – Serang – Tjimahi)
Jadi penasaran sama buku ini ...
Btw, dia cerita ga kenapa sampe bisa diinternir? Apa iya semua warga Tionghoa masuk interniran Jepang?
weebisons wrote on Jun 19, '09
The Military Hospital was in the western suburb south of the railroad
sayang kemaren kita nggak masuk ke sini ...
mahandisyoanata wrote on Jun 19, '09
perjalanan dan studi lengkap emang udah ciri loekeren bos.....!!!
"Demi peningkatan dan penyebaran pengetahuan geografis" begitu pak preman charlie heheheehe.... ngk segitunya deh charlie gw cuman ngumpulin yang terserak ajah.
weebisons wrote on Jun 19, '09
http://www.dutch-east-indies.com/

Kampen op Java
http://www.japanseburgerkampen.nl/Java-kampen.htm
Thanks for the links ...
weebisons wrote on Jun 19, '09
damn! I didn't notice this spot ...
weebisons wrote on Jun 19, '09
I spent like three minutes, getting down on my knees in front of his tomb...
weebisons wrote on Jun 19, '09
in the same center line with the flag pole ...
mahandisyoanata wrote on Jun 19, '09
Jadi penasaran sama buku ini ...Btw, dia cerita ga kenapa sampe bisa diinternir? Apa iya semua warga Tionghoa masuk interniran Jepang?
Buku itu wajib dibaca untuk para fellowship yang mau ngubek2 "Tjimahi Interneeringskamp". Kapan ya ke Tjimahi lagi? Mungkin kita sehari semalam nginep di gedung socitetet militair kali ya?

Tidak semua orang tionghoa jadi interniran, 518 orang itu semuanya pria dan sepertinya Jepang mencari orang2 penting di masyarakat (kapiten Khouw) atau orang-orang kaya dan berpengaruh, intelektual, dan jurnalis seperti Nio Joe Lan... it's untold history jarang dibicarakan tentang interniran orang Indonesia di kamp Jepang.
mahandisyoanata wrote on Jun 19, '09
sayang kemaren kita nggak masuk ke sini ...
Iya...hari sudah sore pula. next mission...
mahandisyoanata wrote on Jun 19, '09
I spent like three minutes, getting down on my knees in front of his tomb...
For praying?
May be Karsten will cry if he knew that many his works has been pulled down... or he would have big smile because rest of his works still in use until today?
weebisons wrote on Jun 19, '09
Mungkin kita sehari semalam nginep di gedung socitetet militair kali ya?
pasti seru... aplg kl malam ad suara pesta dansa ... :)
weebisons wrote on Jun 19, '09
For praying?
May be Karsten will cry if he knew that many his works has been pulled down... or he would have big smile because rest of his works still in use until today?
of course... also for taking a picture...
perhaps what made him sad is the fact that Indonesian architecture nowadays have lost its identity ...
mahandisyoanata wrote on Jun 19, '09
pasti seru... aplg kl malam ad suara pesta dansa ... :)
Dan ada noni2 belande yang ngajak dansa Blue Danube waltz ....
Wil je met me dansen, schat?

Ini ada koleksi dari KITLV gedung Societeit Militair Tjimahi 1907...

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mahandisyoanata wrote on Jun 19, '09
perhaps what made him sad is the fact that Indonesian architecture nowadays have lost its identity ...
Yes, i think so. About the Indies architecture means the identity of tropical architecture in Indonesia, last sunday I met friends from overseas, Rick van Dolder (Dutch) and Petros (architect from Greece). I accompany them to observe the rest of "Indische woonhuizen" and "Niew Indische" in Jakarta....
shesleep wrote on Jun 19, '09
kebanyakan nembus time tunnel jadi lupa
iya nih...gak ngajak2 lagi :P ,tp thx deh ada oleh2 ceritanya...btw,akhirnya puzzle ereveld-nya sempurna..*plok...plok*
mahandisyoanata wrote on Jun 19, '09
in the same center line with the flag pole ...
Yup...upright the flagpole!
mahandisyoanata wrote on Jun 19, '09, edited on Jun 19, '09
iya nih...gak ngajak2 lagi :P ,tp thx deh ada oleh2 ceritanya...btw,akhirnya puzzle ereveld-nya sempurna..*plok...plok*
Maafkan tidak mengikutsertakan tapi bukan berarti terlupakan...
Iyah benar, 7 ereveld telah saya lalui... 13 Mei 2006 - 13 Juni 2009.
Ajaibnya, waktu kunjungan pertama kali bareng 10 temen...nah ini kunjungan misi terakhir bareng 3 temen. Jadi 10 + 3 = 13!

EREVELD PANDU - BANDUNG
http://mahandisyoanata.multiply.com/photos/album/106

EREVELD KEMBANG KUNING - SOERABAJA
http://mahandisyoanata.multiply.com/photos/album/81

EREVELD TJANDI - SAMARANG:
http://mahandisyoanata.multiply.com/photos/album/63

EREVELD KALI BANTENG - SAMARANG:
http://mahandisyoanata.multiply.com/photos/album/61

EREVELD ANTJOL - BATAVIA:
http://mahandisyoanata.multiply.com/photos/album/43

EREVELD MENTENG PULO - BATAVIA:
http://mahandisyoanata.multiply.com/photos/album/34
hoedjien74 wrote on Jun 19, '09
Mestinya denah Ini ada di boekoenja Sioanseng Nio + Semoga jij poenja angan2 lekas terkaboel

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mahandisyoanata wrote on Jun 19, '09, edited on Jun 20, '09
Mestinya denah Ini ada di boekoenja Sioanseng Nio + Semoga jij poenja angan2 lekas terkaboel
Interneeringskamp-nya Nio Joe Lan boekan di Baros, tante (di atas denah Baros Kamp)… Tapi di kompleks Bataljon ke-4. Lihat boekoe DTD hal. 212 (komunitas bambu, 2009):

”Tempat interneering kita sekarang ini ada 2 tangsi tentara, jaitoe dari Bataljon ka-4 dan Bataljon ka-9... Kamar-kamar jang kita dapet terletak di tangsi dari Bataljon ka-4.”

Lihat di peta kanan-bawah ada toelisan ”Chinesen” itoelah tempat interneeringskamp-nja Nio Joe Lan.

Petoendjoek lain di hal.220:

”Dari itoe doea geredja, jang berada di bagian Bataljon ka-9 ada Protestantsch dan jang di bilangan Bataljon ka-4 Roomsch-Katholiek.”

Jadi saja kira denah jang lebih percies ada di bawah ini, di sitoe djoega toendjoek ada 2 geredja. Saja soeda tebelin itoe denah choesoes boeat area poenja ”Chinesen”. Selamet mentjermati.

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Laloe dengen bekel itoe kaart Tjimahi 1941, kita bisa dapetken lokasi perciesnja itoe Bataljon ka-4 en ka-9. Tjoba kita tjermati bebarengan:

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Apakah tante poenja minat boeat plesiran ke itoe Nio pernah mendekem di Tjimahi?
shesleep wrote on Jun 19, '09
Jadi 10 + 3 = 13!
waaa....angka yg bagus.....angka keberuntungan ;)
dan nomor albumnya pun antara 7 dan 9 kalau di jumlahkan
indraicha wrote on Jun 20, '09
Kalau bikin izin buat ke Evereld kalau niatnya hanya ingin lihat2 saja tanpa latar belakang apapun (pers/liputan dll) tidak mungkin ya?
mahandisyoanata wrote on Jun 20, '09
Kalau bikin izin buat ke Evereld kalau niatnya hanya ingin lihat2 saja tanpa latar belakang apapun (pers/liputan dll) tidak mungkin ya?
Kami ke ereveld juga dalam rangka traveling aja kok mas...
flickbaker wrote on Jun 20, '09
Great article Mahandis! I just wish I could read Indonesian to know what the comments say. Did you know that Baros 3 was for the "orang djahat" - according to the Japanese?
I assume they meant the troublemakers and thinking men.
My father in law, C.H Baker was in 4e battalion and finally in Baros 3. I have many of his stories written down, but I think one of the best for me was the story of the "urine bread":
In Baros 3 in late 1944/early 1945: there was a type of starch issued to the prisoners to eat - the stuff you stiffen shirts with - which was inedible. A Dutchman came up with the idea of collecting urine in bamboo poles and in the Baros 3 "laboratory" he somehow crystallized a nitrogen product and then made it react with the starch to produce a passable bread once it was baked in the prisoners' newly-designed mud and sawdust oven.

In his book "Tjideng Reunion", Boudewyn van Oort writes that this bread was delivered to women and children in Tjihapit camp in Bandung. Have you heard of BPM ? (Bataafsche Petroleum Maatschappij ? It was a big name in oil in the NEI.) Well, this yeast process was named "Baros Piss Mij"!

I think that the "miserable period" you mention was also full of wit, hope, ingenuity, and camaraderie. The more stories told like Baker's, van Kampen's and Van Oort's the better. There is a saying in England, which probably exists in Holland and Indonesia: "You can't keep a good man down".
indraicha wrote on Jun 21, '09
Kami ke ereveld juga dalam rangka traveling aja kok mas...
Maaf mas, caranya bagaimana meng-apply nya? proposal kah?
dan apakah sekali apply bisa untuk semua evereld?
mahandisyoanata wrote on Jun 21, '09, edited on Jun 21, '09
Great article Mahandis! I just wish I could read Indonesian to know what the comments say. Did you know that Baros 3 was for the "orang djahat" - according to the Japanese?I assume they meant the troublemakers and thinking men.My father in law, C.H Baker was in 4e battalion and finally in Baros 3. I have many of his stories written down, but I think one of the best for me was the story of the "urine bread":In Baros 3 in late 1944/early 1945: there was a type of starch issued to the prisoners to eat - the stuff you stiffen shirts with - which was inedible. A Dutchman came up with the idea of collecting urine in bamboo poles and in the Baros 3 "laboratory" he somehow crystallized a nitrogen product and then made it react with the starch to produce a passable bread once it was baked in the prisoners' newly-designed mud and sawdust oven. In his book "Tjideng Reunion", Boudewyn van Oort writes that this bread was delivered to women and children in Tjihapit camp in Bandung. Have you heard of BPM ? (Bataafsche Petroleum Maatschappij ? It was a big name in oil in the NEI.) Well, this yeast process was named "Baros Piss Mij"!I think that the "miserable period" you mention was also full of wit, hope, ingenuity, and camaraderie. The more stories told like Baker's, van Kampen's and Van Oort's the better. There is a saying in England, which probably exists in Holland and Indonesia: "You can't keep a good man down".
Thank you Flick,
About "urine bread" I used to read in Boudewyn van Oort's article. Weird, but it was ok in that time: they made the yeast from urine!

Have you the story why Baros 3 was the camp for "Orang Djahat". Was it criminals camp?

The life in the internment camp was suffering, however, there were many unique or funny story (only happened in camp) inside the camp such as yeast from urine, kind of very liquid boeboer (poridge), how the dutch take of their hat for chinese chef...

Here the Baros Camp entitled "Overdag rondom de barakken in het kamp Baros" by Kickhefer Jan, 1944.

Photobucket
Courtesy of GVNL - Koninklijke Bibliotheek

Jan described with a drawing in color pencil and pen of a large group of men and boys around three barracks. Some lazy, others cooking or reading.



Another drawing...
Photobucket
"Inzameling van Urine voor Gist" by Geer Boers, 9th of February 1945
Courtesy of GVNL - Koninklijke Bibliotheek

Two men in the open air in tonnes are to pee. Left part of a shed on the pavement with a broom and a bucket. The men are at the end of a street. The pond site consists of three barrels with a bar above it.
mahandisyoanata wrote on Jun 21, '09
Maaf mas, caranya bagaimana meng-apply nya? proposal kah?dan apakah sekali apply bisa untuk semua evereld?
Ya semacam itulah.
Dicoba saja barangkali bisa.
nuragni29 wrote on Jun 21, '09
tidak salah lagi ... dimas Yoan memang muantabssss......
sittisadja wrote on Jun 21, '09
Wah, TFS... Cantik ya kuburannya...
mahandisyoanata wrote on Jun 21, '09
tidak salah lagi ... dimas Yoan memang muantabssss......
Heheheh.. muantab apanya mam...
Sekarang setelah pensiun banyak waktu buat jalan2 khan mam?
mahandisyoanata wrote on Jun 21, '09
Wah, TFS... Cantik ya kuburannya...
Yup... sangat rapi dan terawat.
obendon wrote on Jun 22, '09
jadi ingat, lagi mau berdiri pas jongkok di depan sini pak Frangky teriak dari depan gerbang ;)
mahandisyoanata wrote on Jun 22, '09
obendon said
jadi ingat, lagi mau berdiri pas jongkok di depan sini pak Frangky teriak dari depan gerbang ;)
Beruntunglah yang teriak Pak Franky, nah kalo Pak Karsten ikutan teriak gmn jadinya? :)
weebisons wrote on Jun 22, '09
Beruntunglah yang teriak Pak Franky, nah kalo Pak Karsten ikutan teriak gmn jadinya? :)
aq langsung datengin untuk minta tandatangan ... ;))
mahandisyoanata wrote on Jun 22, '09
Photobucket
"Boeboer-Rest-Rush (Laatste Run)" by MG Hartley, 1944
Courtesy of GVNL - Koninklijke Bibliotheek

Drawing in pen and pencil about a number of men around a drum of boboer (poridge).

According "Dalem Tawanan Djepang" by Nio Joe Lan p.235:
"Sementara di Tjimahi kita dapet tempat tjokoep baek, aer tjoekoep banjak dan hawa tjoekoep segar, keadahan makanan ada djaoe dari memoeasken.
...Pagi satoe piring boeboer, jang kita namaken "lijm" boeat tambel peroet....
Ini makanan tida tjoekoep. Banjak dimengerti, banjak orang merasa lapar.

(Everything was getting better in Tjimahi compared the previous camps, but about the meal, many POWs were not satisfied. Many people were still hungry)


mahandisyoanata wrote on Jun 22, '09
In Baros 3 in late 1944/early 1945: there was a type of starch issued to the prisoners to eat - the stuff you stiffen shirts with - which was inedible. A Dutchman came up with the idea of collecting urine in bamboo poles and in the Baros 3 "laboratory" he somehow crystallized a nitrogen product and then made it react with the starch to produce a passable bread once it was baked in the prisoners' newly-designed mud and sawdust oven. In his book "Tjideng Reunion", Boudewyn van Oort writes that this bread was delivered to women and children in Tjihapit camp in Bandung. Have you heard of BPM ? (Bataafsche Petroleum Maatschappij ? It was a big name in oil in the NEI.) Well, this yeast process was named "Baros Piss Mij"!
Aha... I found this case in the book "Dalem Tawanan Djepang" p. 241 by Nio Joe Lan as well:

"Di Tjimahi achli-achli dari segala roepa kalangan ada berkoempoel. Maka lekas djoega didapetken daja boeat bikin pembakaran roti tida bergantoeng lagi pada pemasoekan biang oleh Djepang. Dengen pendapetan ilmoe bikin biang dari...kentjing!
...Djoemblah jang perloe dari aer kentjing laloe dikoempoelken dan diangkoet ka satoe pendirian baroe, jang dinamaken Gistbedrijf (Peroesahaan Biang)..."
flickbaker wrote on Jun 22, '09
Orang Djahat: My father in law - I'm going to call him C H Baker now - C H Baker learnt much later that "about 1400 boys were transferred from Baros 3 to the boys camp... to make way for 1500 "prominenten". All the men who were moved with C H Baker 16th November 1944 to Baros 3 were professional men with degrees etc. There were civil servants, engineers, accountants, economists. It was believed by the Japanese that these "intelligentsia" could breed trouble in the other camps so they were segregated. C. H. Baker and his brother in law, Jan Hillen, were in Baros 3 until August 1945, when C.H Baker "escaped" from the camp to try to find his wife and three children in Tjideng, Batavia. But that's yet another story...
We are glad to say that no one from C H Baker's family or friends is buried at this cemetery, but others are in Bandung in Ereveld Pandu: Cornelius and Louise Hillen died in 1945, but their youngest son survived the boys camp and then the 4e battalion and returned to Holland to join his older brothers. Sadly, their parents never came home.
I hope these remarks offend no one; I don't mean to ask for pity but just to state facts.
Perhaps it's as well I can't understand bahasa Indonesia because I'm bound to upset someone!
Have you seen the M.G Hartley cartoons on Boudewyn's site?
flickbaker wrote on Jun 22, '09
Has anyone got any photos of Tjimahi Military Hospital - old or new? C H Baker's wife Joop trained as a nurse there.
Also, any photos of Hotel Berglust or the garden as it is now? Is the swimming pool still there?
mahandisyoanata wrote on Jun 23, '09
C H Baker learnt much later that "about 1400 boys were transferred from Baros 3 to the boys camp... to make way for 1500 "prominenten". All the men who were moved with C H Baker 16th November 1944 to Baros 3 were professional men with degrees etc. There were civil servants, engineers, accountants, economists. It was believed by the Japanese that these "intelligentsia" could breed trouble in the other camps so they were segregated. C. H. Baker and his brother in law, Jan Hillen, were in Baros 3 until August 1945, when C.H Baker "escaped" from the camp to try to find his wife and three children in Tjideng, Batavia. But that's yet another story...
Ow.. that's why that other name of baros Camp known as "Prominent Kamp". The prominent person such as Great Architect Herman Thomas Karsten was also interned in Camp Baros. But, Karsten died in this camp on April 1945 and burried at the Tjimahi cemetery, now Ereveld Leuwigadjah.

Thanks Flick.



mahandisyoanata wrote on Jun 23, '09, edited on Jun 23, '09
Have you seen the M.G Hartley cartoons on Boudewyn's site?
Yes, I have seen it.Yeast urine for bread by MG Hartley in 1942-45. “Do your duty gentlemen, otherwise no bread tomorrow.”

Photobucket
Courtesy of Boudewyn van Oort
(Tjideng Reunion: A Memoir of World War II on Java).


obendon wrote on Jun 23, '09
aq langsung datengin untuk minta tandatangan ... ;))
wahhh ...gak bisa ngebayangin tangannya pasti gemetaran mau tandatangan karena kaku ;)
obendon wrote on Jun 23, '09
kalo Pak Karsten ikutan teriak gmn jadinya? :)
lutut gemetaran kaliii ...heehhe
andywg wrote on Jun 24, '09
dengan segala hormat untuk mereka yang tidak tahu untuk apa mereka dikirim, untuk siapa mereka bertempur, untuk siapa mereka mati, dan dimana mereka dikebumikan, "SEMPER FIDELLIS" (always faithfull) HUUUYYYAAAAAH!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
dipodipo wrote on Jun 24, '09
Can't wait to hear the story, it must be really interesting.
--------
"were in Baros 3 until August 1945, when C.H Baker "escaped" from the camp to try to find his wife and three children in Tjideng, Batavia. But that's yet another story..."
dipodipo wrote on Jun 24, '09
Has anyone got any photos of Tjimahi Military Hospital - old or new? C H Baker's wife Joop trained as a nurse there.
Also, any photos of Hotel Berglust or the garden as it is now? Is the swimming pool still there?
flickbaker, do you by any chance have the map of Tjideng camp ? I use to live in that area. The area now is not well preserved, but relatively intact.
mahandisyoanata wrote on Jun 25, '09
Has anyone got any photos of Tjimahi Military Hospital - old or new? C H Baker's wife Joop trained as a nurse there.
Flick, I tried to fulfill your request :)
this is the Military Hospital in Tjimahi taken before the war. Unfortunately, I dont have the present day photograph.

Photobucket
Miitary Hospital in Tjimahi - 1927
Established in 1887
Source: KITLV



Photobucket
Ziekenzaal a room for patients in Tjimahi Military Hospital - 1927
Source: KITLV
mahandisyoanata wrote on Jun 25, '09
Also, any photos of Hotel Berglust or the garden as it is now? Is the swimming pool still there?
I dont know the present day name of Hotel Berglust. Anyone knows?
But I have photograph about swimming pool in Tjimahi...is this swimming pool belonged to Hotel Berglust?

Photobucket
Family J.M.R. Sandberg with friends in the swimming pool in Tjimahi - July 1924
Source: KITLV
flickbaker wrote on Jun 25, '09
Do you know, I've spent three months looking for pictures! How do you manage it? Is it a Dutch source?
Thanks very much. Can I get hold of larger/better resolution?
mahandisyoanata wrote on Jun 25, '09
Do you know, I've spent three months looking for pictures! How do you manage it? Is it a Dutch source?Thanks very much. Can I get hold of larger/better resolution?
Flick, I use the KITLV source, however there are only small resolution I have. If you want to obtain the larger resolution, you may contact KITLV in Leiden.

Address
Koninklijk Instituut voor Taal-, Land- en Volkenkunde /
Royal Netherlands Institute of Southeast Asian and Caribbean Studies
Reuvensplaats 2, 2311 BE Leiden
Postbus 9515, 2300 RA Leiden
Tel: +31-(0)71-527 2295
Fax: +31-(0)71-527 2638
Email: kitlv@kitlv.nl
flickbaker wrote on Jun 25, '09

Dipodipo: I am off to France for four months but while I am away I will read your comments again and try to answer. I also hope to post some of C H Baker's stories but give me a while to get settled.
I am really impressed with this discussion and the knowledge of you all - well, the ones I can understand of course!
mahandisyoanata wrote on Jun 29, '09, edited on Jun 29, '09
Photobucket
"Roeling Corvee at the Job" - Hartley MG July 1944
Pen drawing of a man with a bag over the shoulder and the bag with food in hand.
Source: GVNL - Koninklijke Bibliotheek


On Nio Joe Lan's diary p.272, we also found the description of "Roeling Corvee" as follows:

"Laen corveeers loear poela adalah jang diseboet corveeers Roelink. Marika bekerdja di tangsi pasoekan meriam pagoenoengan, jang didjadikan kamp heiho, jalah soldadoe bangsa Indonesia... diseboet corvee Roelink menoeroet namanja kepala corvee, toean Roelink..."

andywg wrote on Jun 29, '09
kudu diorbitkan jadi menteri pariwisata, seni budaya & sejarah nech mah mahandis kudunya sech.
mahandisyoanata wrote on Jul 7, '09
Photobucket
"Tuincorvee" - Jan Kickhefer 1945
Source: GVNL - Koninklijke Bibliotheek

A drawing in ink and pencil crops of eight sitting and a standing man, working in a garden. The garden is bordered by trees. Right and in the background are parts of buildings shown.


According Nio Joe Lan diary of "Dalem Tawanan Djepang",
Komunitas Bambu, p.267:
"Pekerdjahan corveeers kebon adalah rawat kebonkembang, adaken kebon kembang baroe, tanem serta rawat poehoen kembang pinggir djalanan, oeroes keboen sajoer jang soeda ada... Kebon boenga blakangan didjadiken kebon sajoer lantaran kakoerangan sajoeran."


mahandisyoanata wrote on Jul 7, '09
Photobucket
"Blokbibliotheek" - Jan Kickhefer 23 January 1945
Source: GVNL - Koninklijke Bibliotheek



According Nio Joe Lan's diary of "Dalem Tawanan Djepang",
Komunitas Bambu, p.291:
"Kamoedian diadaken Watenschappelijke Bibliotheek, dimana dikoempoeli boekoe pengetahoean, hikajat politiek, kesenian, pertanian, techniek dan laen-laen, di bawah pimpinan Prof. Dr. A.J. Bernet Kempers, Bibliothecaris dari Batavia Genootschap van Kunsten en Wetenschappen..."



1002003 wrote on Nov 24, '10, edited on Nov 24, '10
Hello, I would like to ask if anyone knows what happened to the graves of British civilians who died in Muntok camp on Bangka Island, please? The Commonwealth War Graves Commission says the graves were moved to Bandung in the 1960's but the Dutch war Graves Foundation says that only Dutch military and Dutch civilian graves were moved and that the British civilian graves were left behind in Muntok. Is there anyone who can clarify this for me - my grandfather died in Muntok on 2/8/1944. Thank you very much, Judy Balcombe, Australia
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